2249A

Northern Northwest Coast Ground Stone Splitting Adze Head, Grooved Hafting, Approx. 6.5 in.

Currency:CAD Category:First Nations Art / British Columbia Start Price:10.00 CAD
Northern Northwest Coast Ground Stone Splitting Adze Head, Grooved Hafting, Approx. 6.5 in.
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Heavy ground-stone implement of unusual elongated, wedge-like form, measuring approximately 6.5 inches long. The piece has a substantial thickened end with pronounced shaping around what appears to be a hafting area, together with a long tapered body and comparatively blunt working end. The exact stone type has not been determined.

Considerable comparative research was undertaken in cataloguing this piece. Of particular relevance is archaeologist Jesse Morin's 2015 study, "Classification and Typologies of Stone Celts in British Columbia," Canadian Journal of Archaeology 39(1):82-122. Morin examined 1,374 British Columbia stone celts and identified a specialized northern type termed the "splitting adze," also historically called a "char-adze" or "grooved-adze." His study included 45 splitting adzes and fragments and describes them as unusually thick, heavy implements, generally square or rectangular in section, tapering toward a typically dull working bit and having one or two grooves near the poll for hafting. Illustrated examples in Morin's Figure 5 include specimens from the Nass River and Fort Simpson areas.

Additional comparison was made with the archaeological report Archaeological Investigations at Kaien Siding, which illustrates Northern Northwest Coast stone splitting adzes and discusses their characteristic hafting arrangement. That study notes one or two hafting grooves used for lashing to a T-shaped wooden handle and describes the grooved splitting adze as a distinctly northern Northwest Coast form. Such implements are interpreted as heavy woodworking tools whose mass and relatively blunt working edge were suited to splitting and crushing wood fibres rather than functioning like a finely sharpened cutting adze.

The proportions, heavy construction, tapered profile and unusual treatment of the apparent hafting area on the present piece show noteworthy similarities to these documented Northern Northwest Coast splitting-adze forms. Morin records their distribution principally in the Prince Rupert Harbour region, Haida Gwaii and southeast Alaska, extending inland along the Skeena and Nass Rivers.

The comparison is compelling enough to warrant further specialist study; however, this piece has not been archaeologically provenanced or independently authenticated, and no specific Indigenous nation, date, archaeological period or stone type is asserted. It is catalogued as a possible Northern Northwest Coast splitting/grooved adze head based upon morphological comparison with published archaeological examples.

Type: Ground stone implement; possible splitting/grooved adze head
Possible Region: Northern Northwest Coast, North America
Material: Dense dark stone; exact composition undetermined
Length: Approx. 6.5 in.
Condition: As pictured, with surface wear, abrasions, irregularities & localized losses
Attribution: Tentative; further specialist examination recommended